Kerala, often referred to as God’s Own Country , is a land of unparalleled beauty and cultural richness. Nestled along the southwestern coast of India, this enchanting state boasts serene backwaters, lush green landscapes, exotic wildlife, and a vibrant heritage that captivates every traveler. Whether you’re an adventure enthusiast, a nature lover, or someone seeking tranquility, Kerala offers something for everyone. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the top 5 things to do in Kerala while diving deep into its unique attractions, hidden gems, and travel tips that will make your journey unforgettable.
1. Cruise Along the Backwaters of Alleppey
Why Alleppey Backwaters Are a Must-Visit
The backwaters of Alleppey , also known as Alappuzha, are one of Kerala’s most iconic attractions. These intricate networks of canals, lagoons, and lakes stretch over 900 kilometers, offering a glimpse into the tranquil life of rural Kerala. A houseboat cruise through these serene waters is an experience like no other. Imagine gliding past swaying coconut palms, quaint villages, and vibrant paddy fields while enjoying the gentle breeze and soothing sounds of nature.
Alleppey’s backwaters have been a lifeline for the local communities for centuries. They serve not only as transportation routes but also as sources of livelihood through fishing and agriculture. The region is dotted with small hamlets where life moves at a leisurely pace, untouched by the hustle and bustle of modern cities. This makes it an ideal destination for those looking to escape the chaos of urban living and reconnect with nature.
What Makes It Unique?
Unlike any other waterway in the world, the Alleppey backwaters provide a perfect blend of natural beauty and cultural immersion. The traditional kettuvallams , or houseboats, are crafted from eco-friendly materials like bamboo and coir ropes, making them a sustainable way to explore the region. These boats were originally used to transport rice and spices but have now been transformed into luxurious floating accommodations equipped with modern amenities such as air conditioning, private bathrooms, and gourmet kitchens. Despite these upgrades, they retain their rustic charm, ensuring an authentic experience.
Each kettuvallam comes with a dedicated crew comprising a captain, chef, and helper who cater to your needs throughout the journey. The chefs prepare delicious Kerala cuisine using fresh ingredients sourced locally, giving you a true taste of the region’s culinary delights. From spicy fish curries to aromatic appams, every meal aboard the houseboat is a feast for the senses.
Activities to Enjoy
- Sunset Cruises : Witness breathtaking sunsets as the sky transforms into hues of orange and pink. As the sun dips below the horizon, the reflection on the calm waters creates a magical ambiance that is hard to forget.
- Village Tours : Stop by local villages to interact with residents and learn about their daily lives. You can watch artisans weaving coir products, fishermen casting nets, and women engaged in traditional activities like toddy tapping (extracting sap from palm trees). These interactions offer valuable insights into the simple yet fulfilling lifestyle of rural Keralites.
- Fishing Experiences : Try your hand at traditional fishing methods used by locals for generations. Techniques like Chinese fishing nets and pole-and-line fishing are still prevalent here, providing a hands-on experience of age-old practices.
- Birdwatching : Spot rare avian species like kingfishers, herons, and egrets in their natural habitat. Early morning and late afternoon are the best times for birdwatching when the birds are most active.
Travel Tips
- Book your houseboat well in advance, especially during peak tourist seasons like December to February. Availability can be limited, and prices tend to rise during these periods.
- Opt for a private houseboat if you’re traveling with family or friends for a more personalized experience. While shared houseboats are economical, privacy allows for greater flexibility and comfort.
- Don’t forget to carry sunscreen, hats, and sunglasses to protect yourself from the tropical sun. Evenings can get chilly, so pack light jackets or shawls.
- If you’re prone to motion sickness, consider taking preventive medication before embarking on the cruise. Although the waters are generally calm, some sections may cause slight rocking.
2. Explore the Wildlife Wonders of Periyar National Park
A Glimpse Into Periyar’s Rich Biodiversity
Located in Thekkady, Periyar National Park is a haven for wildlife enthusiasts and nature lovers alike. Spread across 925 square kilometers, this protected area is home to diverse flora and fauna, including endangered species such as tigers, elephants, and Indian bison. The park surrounds the picturesque Periyar Lake , which adds to its charm.
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Established in 1982, Periyar National Park is part of the larger Periyar Tiger Reserve, which plays a crucial role in conserving the critically endangered Bengal tiger population. However, it’s not just tigers that draw visitors; the park houses over 60 mammal species, 320 bird species, and numerous reptiles and amphibians. Its dense evergreen forests, deciduous woodlands, and grasslands create a thriving ecosystem that supports this incredible biodiversity.
How to Experience Periyar
One of the best ways to explore Periyar is by taking a guided boat safari on the lake. This allows you to observe animals coming down to drink water while enjoying panoramic views of the surrounding hills. For those seeking adventure, jungle treks led by experienced guides offer a closer look at the park’s rich ecosystem.
Boat safaris operate twice daily—morning and evening—and last approximately two hours. During these cruises, you’ll likely encounter herds of wild elephants bathing in the lake, spotted deer grazing near the shore, and playful langurs swinging from tree branches. Occasionally, lucky visitors might even spot a shy tiger or leopard lurking in the undergrowth.
For a more immersive experience, opt for the Tiger Trail Program , a three-day trekking expedition that takes you deep into the heart of the reserve. Led by trained forest guards, this program combines camping, wildlife tracking, and survival skills training, giving participants a chance to live like true explorers.
Highlights of Periyar National Park
- Elephant Safaris : Ride atop these majestic creatures for a unique perspective of the forest. Elephant safaris are conducted early in the morning when the air is cool and the animals are most active. Trained mahouts accompany each ride, sharing interesting facts about elephant behavior and conservation efforts.
- Trekking Trails : Choose from short walks to multi-day hikes depending on your fitness level. Popular trails include the Bamboo Grove Walk, Green Walk, and Border Hiking Trail, each offering different levels of difficulty and scenic beauty.
- Spice Plantations : Visit nearby spice gardens to learn about Kerala’s famous spices like cardamom, pepper, and cinnamon. Many plantations offer guided tours where you can see how these aromatic plants are cultivated and processed. Some even allow you to participate in picking and drying spices, followed by tasting sessions featuring freshly brewed chai and snacks infused with local flavors.
Travel Tips
- Wear comfortable walking shoes and light clothing suitable for humid weather. Long-sleeved shirts and pants are recommended to protect against insect bites and thorny vegetation.
- Carry binoculars and a camera to capture the stunning wildlife and landscapes. Telephoto lenses work best for photographing distant animals without disturbing them.
- Respect the park’s rules and avoid littering to preserve its pristine environment. Smoking and loud noises are strictly prohibited inside the premises.
- Hire a knowledgeable guide who can identify various species and share fascinating stories about the park’s history and ecology. Their expertise enhances the overall experience significantly.
3. Unwind at the Pristine Beaches of Kovalam
Discover Kovalam’s Coastal Charm
Kovalam, located near Thiruvananthapuram, is renowned for its crescent-shaped beaches and azure waters. With three main beaches—Lighthouse Beach , Hawah Beach , and Samudra Beach —this coastal town attracts tourists from around the globe. Whether you’re looking to relax, surf, or indulge in Ayurvedic therapies, Kovalam has it all.
Kovalam gained prominence as a hippie destination in the 1970s when Western travelers discovered its laid-back vibe and stunning coastline. Today, it caters to a wide range of visitors, from families and couples to solo adventurers and wellness seekers. Its proximity to the capital city ensures easy access to urban conveniences while maintaining a relaxed beach-town atmosphere.
Things to Do in Kovalam
- Beach Yoga : Start your day with rejuvenating yoga sessions conducted by professional instructors. Many resorts and wellness centers offer classes tailored to all skill levels, focusing on mindfulness, flexibility, and inner peace.
- Water Sports : Try activities like parasailing, surfing, and snorkeling for an adrenaline rush. Kovalam’s consistent waves make it a favorite spot for surfers, particularly beginners learning the basics under expert supervision.
- Seafood Delights : Savor fresh seafood dishes prepared using traditional Kerala recipes. Local eateries serve mouthwatering delicacies like karimeen pollichathu (pearl spot fish marinated in spices and grilled in banana leaves), prawn curry, and fish molee (a creamy coconut-based stew).
- Ayurveda Treatments : Pamper yourself with authentic Ayurvedic massages and therapies offered at local spas. Ayurveda, an ancient system of medicine originating in India, emphasizes holistic healing through herbal treatments, oil massages, and dietary changes. Popular therapies include abhyanga (full-body massage), shirodhara (oil dripping on forehead), and panchakarma (detoxification process).
Hidden Gems Around Kovalam
- Vizhinjam Rock Cut Cave Temple : A lesser-known archaeological site featuring ancient carvings dating back to the 8th century AD. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, the temple showcases exquisite rock-cut sculptures depicting mythological scenes and deities.
- Poovar Island : Accessible only by boat, this secluded island is perfect for a peaceful getaway. Surrounded by mangroves and golden sands, Poovar offers opportunities for kayaking, canoeing, and simply unwinding amidst nature.
- Neyyar Dam & Wildlife Sanctuary : Located about 30 kilometers from Kovalam, Neyyar provides a refreshing change of scenery with its dam reservoir, lion safari park, and crocodile rehabilitation center. Boat rides and trekking trails add to the fun.
Travel Tips
- Stay hydrated and apply mosquito repellent to avoid insect bites. Humidity levels can be high, so drink plenty of water to stay refreshed.
- Avoid swimming during high tide or in unmarked areas for safety reasons. Lifeguards patrol popular beaches, but it’s always wise to exercise caution.
- Bargain politely when shopping at local markets for souvenirs. Artisans sell handmade crafts, jewelry, and textiles at reasonable prices, but haggling is expected.
- Respect local customs and dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites or attending cultural events.
4. Immerse Yourself in Munnar’s Tea Gardens
The Allure of Munnar’s Rolling Hills
Munnar, nestled in the Western Ghats, is synonymous with sprawling tea plantations, misty mountains, and cool climate. Known as the “Kashmir of South India,” this hill station is a paradise for photographers, honeymooners, and solo travelers alike. Its elevation of 1,600 meters above sea level ensures pleasant weather throughout the year, making it a popular retreat during scorching summers.
Munnar derives its name from the Tamil words “moonu” (three) and “aar” (river), referring to the confluence of three rivers—Mudhirapuzha, Nallathanni, and Kundaly—that flow through the region. Historically, it served as a summer resort for British colonial officials who appreciated its salubrious climate and scenic vistas. Today, Munnar continues to charm visitors with its timeless appeal and abundant natural resources.
Exploring Munnar’s Attractions
- Tea Museum : Learn about the history and production process of tea at this informative museum run by Tata Tea. Interactive exhibits showcase tools, machinery, and photographs documenting the evolution of tea cultivation in Kerala. Visitors can also sample freshly brewed teas and purchase premium blends directly from the source.
- Eravikulam National Park : Home to the endangered Nilgiri Tahr, this park offers breathtaking views of Anamudi Peak, the highest point in South India. Trekking trails wind through rolling meadows, dense forests, and cascading streams, providing ample opportunities for wildlife spotting and photography.
- Mattupetty Dam : Enjoy boating and picnicking amidst scenic surroundings. The dam’s reservoir reflects the surrounding hills, creating a mirror-like effect that is particularly striking at sunrise and sunset. Nearby attractions include Echo Point, where you can hear your voice reverberate across the valley, and Kundala Lake, ideal for pedal boating.
- Top Station : Witness the mesmerizing Neelakurinji flowers bloom once every 12 years. This rare phenomenon transforms the landscape into a sea of blue, attracting thousands of tourists eager to witness this natural spectacle. Top Station also commands panoramic views of the Western Ghats and neighboring Tamil Nadu plains.
Cultural Experiences in Munnar
- Participate in tea plucking sessions to understand the hard work behind each cup of tea. Guided tours take you through lush estates where workers demonstrate traditional harvesting techniques. You’ll learn how leaves are carefully selected, processed, and graded before reaching consumers worldwide.
- Attend cultural performances showcasing Kerala’s classical dance forms like Kathakali and Mohiniyattam. These elaborate art forms combine intricate costumes, expressive gestures, and rhythmic movements to narrate epic tales from Hindu mythology. Evening shows organized by hotels and cultural centers offer a glimpse into Kerala’s rich artistic heritage.
Travel Tips
- Carry warm clothing as temperatures can drop significantly at night. Light sweaters, jackets, and scarves are essential, especially during winter months (December to February).
- Hire a local guide to gain insights into Munnar’s history and culture. Their knowledge enriches the experience, pointing out lesser-known facts and anecdotes that enhance appreciation.
- Visit early morning or late afternoon to avoid crowds at popular spots. Midday heat can be intense, so plan outdoor activities accordingly.
- Support sustainable tourism initiatives by choosing eco-friendly accommodations and respecting local traditions. Responsible travel helps preserve Munnar’s fragile ecosystem for future generations.
5. Marvel at the Architectural Splendor of Fort Kochi
Step Back in Time at Fort Kochi
Fort Kochi, part of the larger Kochi city, is a melting pot of cultures and histories. Influenced by Portuguese, Dutch, and British colonial powers, this historic town boasts charming streets lined with colonial-era buildings, churches, and museums. It’s a place where time seems to stand still, inviting visitors to step back in time and relive the glory days of maritime trade and conquest.
Fort Kochi’s strategic location along the Arabian Sea made it a coveted port for European traders seeking spices, textiles, and precious stones. Over centuries, successive rulers left indelible marks on the town’s architecture, cuisine, and customs, resulting in a unique blend of Eastern and Western influences. Today, Fort Kochi stands as a testament to Kerala’s cosmopolitan past, welcoming travelers with open arms.
Must-See Landmarks in Fort Kochi
- Chinese Fishing Nets : Iconic structures that have become symbols of Kerala’s maritime heritage. Operated manually using counterweights, these cantilevered nets require teamwork and precision to haul in catches. Watching fishermen rhythmically lower and raise the nets against the backdrop of setting sun is a sight to behold.
- St. Francis Church : One of the oldest European churches in India, where Vasco da Gama was initially buried. Constructed in 1503 by Portuguese Franciscan friars, the church later came under Dutch control before being handed over to the Anglican Communion. Its simple yet elegant design reflects the austere aesthetics of medieval Christianity.
- Parade Ground : A lively hub hosting art exhibitions, flea markets, and cultural events. Every Sunday evening, the ground transforms into a bustling marketplace selling handicrafts, antiques, and street food. Live music performances and impromptu dance recitals add to the festive atmosphere.
- Jew Town : Explore antique shops, spice stores, and the Paradesi Synagogue. Jew Town retains remnants of Kochi’s once-thriving Jewish community, whose ancestors migrated from Europe and the Middle East centuries ago. The synagogue, built in 1568, features hand-painted tiles imported from China and Belgian chandeliers donated by Cochin Maharajas.
Art and Culture in Fort Kochi
- Attend the annual Kochi-Muziris Biennale , a contemporary art festival showcasing works by international artists. Held every two years, the biennale transforms abandoned warehouses, heritage buildings, and public spaces into galleries displaying thought-provoking installations, paintings, sculptures, and multimedia projects.
- Watch traditional Kathakali performances at venues like Kadathanadan Kalari Centre. Performances typically begin with elaborate makeup sessions where actors don vibrant costumes and facial paints symbolizing characters’ traits. Accompanied by percussion instruments like chenda and maddalam, dancers enact dramatic episodes from epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata.
Travel Tips
- Rent bicycles to explore Fort Kochi’s narrow lanes and hidden corners. Cycling allows you to cover more ground while enjoying the fresh air and scenic views.
- Sample local delicacies like appam, stew, and puttu at roadside eateries. Street vendors sell crispy banana chips, jackfruit fries, and tender coconut water, providing quick snacks between sightseeing stops.
- Respect religious sites by dressing modestly and removing footwear before entering. Photography restrictions may apply inside certain temples and churches, so check guidelines beforehand.
- Engage with friendly locals who are eager to share stories about their hometown. Conversations often reveal fascinating tidbits about Fort Kochi’s multicultural legacy.
Other Tourist Attractions in Kerala
While the above five experiences are must-dos, Kerala has much more to offer. Here are some additional attractions worth exploring:
- Athirapally Waterfalls : Known as the “Niagara of India,” these cascading falls are a sight to behold. Located near Chalakudy, Athirapally plunges from a height of 80 feet, creating a thunderous roar that echoes through the valley. Surrounding forests harbor diverse wildlife, making it a great spot for eco-tourism.
- Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary : Ideal for spotting leopards, deer, and wild elephants. Wayanad’s dense jungles and rocky terrains support a wide array of species, including the elusive Malabar giant squirrel and flying lizard. Jeep safaris and trekking expeditions allow close encounters with nature.
- Bekal Fort : A massive fort overlooking the Arabian Sea, offering stunning sunset views. Bekal’s circular bastion and zigzag entrance reflect advanced military engineering of the 17th century. Adjacent Bekal Beach provides opportunities for relaxation and recreation.
- Silent Valley National Park : A biodiversity hotspot with dense forests and rare species. Silent Valley remains largely undisturbed due to its remote location and strict conservation measures. Trekking trails lead to viewpoints offering sweeping panoramas of verdant valleys and cascading streams.
- Thrissur Pooram : One of Kerala’s grandest temple festivals celebrated with fireworks and processions. Held annually at Vadakkunnathan Temple, Thrissur Pooram features ornately decorated elephants parading through crowded streets accompanied by traditional percussion ensembles. Fireworks displays illuminate the night sky, marking the climax of festivities.
Conclusion
Kerala truly lives up to its title of God’s Own Country . From cruising along the tranquil backwaters of Alleppey to marveling at the architectural wonders of Fort Kochi, this state offers endless opportunities for exploration and relaxation. By immersing yourself in its vibrant culture, indulging in its culinary delights, and embracing its natural beauty, you’ll create memories that last a lifetime. So pack your bags, set out on an adventure, and let Kerala cast its spell on you!
FAQs About Visiting Kerala
- What is the best time to visit Kerala?
- The ideal time is between October and March when the weather is pleasant.
- Is Kerala safe for solo travelers?
- Yes, Kerala is considered one of the safest states in India for solo travelers.
- How many days are needed to explore Kerala fully?
- At least 7-10 days are recommended to cover major attractions.
- What languages are spoken in Kerala?
- Malayalam is the primary language, but English is widely understood.
- Are credit cards accepted in Kerala?
- Most hotels, restaurants, and shops accept credit cards, but carrying cash is advisable for smaller establishments.
- What should I wear in Kerala?
- Light cotton clothes are ideal due to the tropical climate.
- Can I rent a car in Kerala?
- Yes, car rentals are readily available, and hiring a driver is highly recommended.
- Is vegetarian food easily available?
- Absolutely! Kerala offers a wide range of delicious vegetarian dishes.
- Do I need vaccinations before visiting Kerala?
- No specific vaccinations are required unless advised by your doctor.
- Are there direct flights to Kerala?
- Yes, major cities like Kochi, Thiruvananthapuram, and Calicut have international airports.
